In one study, hearing a rumor that "Sophie" had a mental illness tended to reduce participants' liking for her, desire to know her, and likelihood of voting for her in the student-government election.

在一项研究中，听到“索菲”患有精神病这一谣言降低了被试对她的好感、结识她的愿望以及为她在学生自治会的选举中投票的可能性。