Bracken fern has been spreading from its woodland strongholds for centuries, but the rate of encroachment into open countryside has lately increased alarmingly throughout northern and western Britain.

蕨类植物已经从它的林地据点向外蔓延了几个世纪，但是最近在整个英国北部和西部，蕨类植物侵入开阔乡村的速度却惊人地增长。