Rapid correction of chronic osmolar imbalance, especially in the presence of concurrent malnutrition, can cause rapid demyelination. This can also occur with normal serum sodium.

慢性渗透失衡的快速修正，尤其是在合并有营养不良的情况下，能够引起急进性脱髓鞘改变。也可以发生在血清钠正常的情况下。