A tortoise suffering from malnutrition has no such protection against disease, he has no defenses left to fight invaders, and will often succumb to a minor infection.
And I sought among them for a man that might set up a hedge, and stand in the gap before me in favour of the land, that I might not destroy it: and I found none.
As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.
The worm reduction rate after challenging with mainland strain cercariae in mice immunized with rSj26 was 26~32%, similar to that in mice immunized with 24-26 kDa antigen.
CONCLUSION: Cellular immune response in the skin of the mice immunized with UV-attenuated cercariae might play an important role in the protective immunity against challenge infection.