For the time before records began, we have only "proxy records" reconstructed largely from tree rings and ice cores, supplemented by a few incomplete written accounts.
According to the magazine, the aim of the meeting was to sow the seeds of philanthropy among the wealthiest people in the world with the hope that they would pass it on to other like-minded souls.
"The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, "assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."
One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services.