In 1947, artist Roy Parker and designer Harry Mabs teamed up while working for the Gottlieb pinball company and created Humpty Dumpty, which was the first pinball game to feature flippers.
In recent months many organizations have begun to focus attention on Model Driven Architecture (MDA) 1 as an approach to application design and implementation.
By reutilizing and welding discarded tubes and saddles the old bike parts can be re-incorporated into the public realm as a simple useful urban furniture piece.
But by encouraging people to step back and reconsider old problems or entrenched practices, the designer can begin to re-frame the challenge at hand-which can then steer thinking in new directions.
Infant formulas have been designed to try to lower the chances of developing allergy or food intolerance. These include hydrolysed cow's and soy milk formulas.