No-one was exempt: in the 90s, even cheap and cheerful retailers lost out when their stores were used to sell cheaper jeans and anything else the JV partner fancied putting in the shop window.

情况无一例外：上世纪90年代，即使是乐观的廉价品零售商也以失败告终，他们的门店被用来销售更廉价的牛仔裤，以及合资企业合作方喜欢放在橱窗里的其它任何商品。