It is a pattern of thinking learned "at your mother's knee," says Seligman. It grows out of thousands of cautions or encouragements, negative statements, or positive ones.
Within the carp module, the four main functions are carp , which is a synonym for a warning message, and croak , which is like die and also terminates the script.
The ministry recommended punishments ranging from warnings to legal action, and suggested that research funds should be withdrawn from plagiarists and academic awards revoked.
The agency went on to caution that extreme cold, with temperatures of minus 18 degrees Celsius (just below zero Fahrenheit ), could have "devastating" effects.
The warning to Seoul and Washington came as the top U. S. commander in South Korea toured Yeonpyeong island to survey the wreckage from the rain of artillery three days earlier.
The clock is ticking: The International Energy Agency, based in Paris, warned that possibility of holding global warming to 2 degrees Celsius—or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit—was rapidly slipping away.
All cases are voluntarily reported, and many more are likely to go unrecorded, sometimes because librarians have been threatened with dismissal if they sound the alarm.