The efficacy of antimicrobials varies over time and from country to country in response to antimicrobial use patterns and movement of organisms between communities.
One of the characteristic markers of the Anthropocene will be the widespread remains of organisms that humans use, or that have adapted to life in a human-dominated world.
"Living pigments" is a metaphorical device to refer to the fact that the pigments of the original paint have been replaced by pigmented micro-organisms.
The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures.